Contributions of El Ni\~no Southern Oscillation (ENSO) Diversity to Low-Frequency Changes in ENSO Variance

arXiv:2307.11552v2 Announce Type: replace-cross
Abstract: El Ni\~no Southern Oscillation (ENSO) diversity is characterized based on the longitudinal location of maximum sea surface temperature anomalies (SSTA) and amplitude in the tropical Pacific, as Central Pacific (CP) events are typically weaker than Eastern Pacific (EP) events. SSTA pattern and intensity undergo low-frequency modulations, affecting ENSO prediction skill and remote impacts. Yet, how different ENSO types contribute to these decadal variations and long-term variance trends remain uncertain. Here, we decompose the low-frequency changes …

abstract amplitude arxiv cs.lg diversity events location low maximum pacific pattern physics.ao-ph replace surface type variance