Detecting critical treatment effect bias in small subgroups

arXiv:2404.18905v1 Announce Type: cross
Abstract: Randomized trials are considered the gold standard for making informed decisions in medicine, yet they often lack generalizability to the patient populations in clinical practice. Observational studies, on the other hand, cover a broader patient population but are prone to various biases. Thus, before using an observational study for decision-making, it is crucial to benchmark its treatment effect estimates against those derived from a randomized trial. We propose a novel strategy to benchmark observational studies …

abstract arxiv bias biases clinical cs.lg decisions making medicine patient population practice small standard stat.me stat.ml studies subgroups treatment type