Development and Testing of a Novel Large Language Model-Based Clinical Decision Support Systems for Medication Safety in 12 Clinical Specialties

Importance: We introduce a novel Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG)-Large Language Model (LLM) as a Clinical Decision Support System (CDSS) for safe medication prescription. This model addresses the limitations of traditional rule-based CDSS by providing relevant prescribing error alerts tailored to patient context and institutional guidelines.
Objective: The study evaluates the efficacy of an LLM-based CDSS in identifying medication errors across various medical and surgical case vignettes, compared to a human expert panel. It also examines clinician preferences among different CDSS …

alerts clinical cs.ai cs.cl decision decision support development error importance language language model large language large language model limitations llm novel rag retrieval retrieval augmented generation safety support systems testing