Equity in Resident Crowdsourcing: Measuring Under-reporting without Ground Truth Data. (arXiv:2204.08620v1 [stat.AP])

Modern city governance relies heavily on crowdsourcing (or "co-production")
to identify problems such as downed trees and power-lines. A major concern in
these systems is that residents do not report problems at the same rates,
leading to an inequitable allocation of government resources. However,
measuring such under-reporting is a difficult statistical task, as, almost by
definition, we do not observe incidents that are not reported. Thus,
distinguishing between low reporting rates and low ground-truth incident rates
is challenging. We develop …

arxiv crowdsourcing data equity reporting