Starting to learn NLP, need some directions. (I'm using catalyst NLP, inspired by spacy)

I'm currently in the process of learning NLP. I am using catalyst on c#.

I was able to run the sample programs and it was able to determine if the word is an noun, adjective, etc. But I can't find any sample for what I need.

Here is a summary of what I would like to achieve.

I would like to extract certain information on a sentence. Lets say i have the following texts:

"Sally ate an orange this morning. …

languagetechnology nlp spacy