Towards compromise: A concrete two-tier proposal for foundation models in the EU AI Act

The European Union is in the final days of negotiating the AI Act, which would be the world’s first comprehensive legislation on artificial intelligence. Negotiations have stalled as the path forward on foundation models has become murky. The Parliament argues that requirements are necessary, the Commission has proposed a two-tiered approach, and the Council remains divided. Namely, the Spanish presidency is pushing for a two-tiered approach, while the trio of France, Germany, and Italy advocate for “mandatory self-regulation” with minimal …